The History of October
October is a month of ghouls, ghosts, monsters, and lots of candy. There are pumpkins, costumes, and squirrels collecting their winter food. This is probably why October is Squirrel Awareness Month. October is more known for Halloween though, so for October, it seemed appropriate to discuss the history of this spooky holiday.
Halloween is that it is one of the oldest holidays still celebrated. It started two thousand years ago with the Celts. They celebrated a day called Samhain on which they believed the ghosts of the dead visited them. It was October 31st. They observed this holiday by burning crops and sacrificing animals. The animals sacrificed were cats and horses. This is where the relationship between black cats and Halloween first started.
Celts would also wear costumes usually made of animal skins and heads to tell each others’ fortunes. This is most likely where the idea of costumes comes from.
Soon, when the Romans conquered the Celts, they combined Samhain with two of their festivals called Feralia and a second to honor Pomona , a Roman Goddess. She was known as the goddess of fruit, her symbol the apple. This explains the modern day tradition of bobbing for apples.
As Christian influence came into the land, they adopted some of these traditions, moving them to November first, making their own holiday. They called it All Saints Day, or All-Hallowmas. Eventually, people began calling the night before All-Hallows Eve and then Halloween.
As Europeans came to America , they brought their various styles of Halloween celebrations with them. The different ethnic groups began to mesh ideas and Halloween became a day to celebrate the harvest, share stories of the deceased, tell fortunes, and dance. In the middle of the nineteenth century, autumn festivals were common, but Halloween still had not spread throughout the entire country. When, the Irish began to immigrate and bring new customs, including those brought to them by the Celts, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go door-to-door asking for food or money.
By the 1920s and 30s, Halloween became community centered with parties for the whole town. About that time though, vandalism began to disrupt Halloween celebrations. That slowed in the 1950s when the baby boom made it a more child friendly holiday. To do so, trick-or-treating began and a new tradition was born. Trick-or-treating became a danger in the 1970s when rumors that Halloween candy had been poisoned began to circulate. Parents were worried that their kids would find razors or toxins in their treats. It was later discovered that most of the concern was pointless because almost none of the candy was found to be dangerous.
Today, Halloween is a day with parties, sweets, and sadly, this year, school. After hitting the books though, hit the streets and fill your pillow cases to the top. Happy Halloween!